Among the many riches of Bulgaria, one stands out as particularly famous, namely the rose oil, often called the “liquid gold” of Bulgaria. This precious essential oil elixir, extracted from the Damascena Rosa flower, for centuries it has been a symbol of the natural wealth and cultural identity of our country. Growing roses for the production of rose oil has deep roots in Bulgarian history. Rosa Damascena, also known as Bulgarian or Damask rose, is an oil-bearing type of rose, which is grown for its unique intense aroma, essential oil and rich color.  The process of extracting rose oil is a delicate and time-consuming process, which requires a specific climate, soil conditions and experience. The unique combination of a temperate climate, fertile soil and skilled rose growers in Bulgaria have turned it into a leading world producer of high-quality rose oil. The heart of Bulgarian rose oil production is the world-famous Rose Valley.  Located in the central part of the country between Stara Planina and Sredna Gora, the valley’s mild climate and rich soil create an ideal environment for growing the Damascena oil rose. The process of extracting rose oil is a time-consuming and labor-intensive job. Rose flowers are picked by hand early in the morning, when the essential oil concentration is at its peak. To extract essential oil from roses, traditional water-steam distillation methods are used. The petals are placed carefully in large copper vessels and steam is passed through them, releasing the precious essential oil.  The resulting “liquid gold” has a strong aroma of fresh roses, which can be described as cute, florist, feminine, rich, warm, tempting and intoxicating, but long lasting. The top, the middle and base notes of the oil are strong and it works synergistically with other essential oils. It is characteristic of rose oil, that at lower temperatures the oil crystallizes, and upon warming, liquefies again. The “Liquid Gold” of Bulgaria is known for its complex and multi-component composition. Contains over 300 chemical compounds with key components, including citronellol, geraniol, nerol and farnesol. These natural compounds contribute to the oil’s unique aroma, its therapeutic properties and its sought-after status in the perfumery and cosmetics industry. Besides its charming aroma, Bulgarian rose oil is distinguished by a wide range of therapeutic benefits. It is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant and antiaging properties, making it a prized ingredient in high-end skin care products. The oil is also used in aromatherapy to relieve stress, anxiety and promoting emotional well-being. Bulgarian rose oil should not be considered, only as a product or merchandise. It is deeply rooted in the cultural heritage of our country. The cultivation of roses and the production of rose oil have been passed down through generations, creating a tradition, which is both economically significant, as well as emotionally resonant. The rose, often called the “Queen of Flowers”, is a symbol of beauty, love and purity in Bulgarian folklore, which further emphasizes the cultural importance of rose oil. Bulgarian rose oil or the “liquid gold” of Bulgaria, is proof of the natural and cultural wealth of the country. From the sun-drenched fields of the Rose Valley to the meticulous distillation process, the production of rose oil is a harmonious combination between nature and man.  To this day, this precious elixir continues to captivate the world with its alluring aroma and unique therapeutic properties. To this day, rose oil is one of the symbols of the eternal heritage in Bulgaria.